| 高校开除学籍校规的司法审查逻辑与路径——基于30份司法裁判文书的分析 |
| The Logic and Process of Judicial Review Concerning University Regulations on Student Expulsion: An Analysis Based on 30 Judicial Verdict Documents |
| 摘要点击： 30 全文点击： 9 |
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| 中文关键词：开除学籍校规 司法审查 执行性规范 |
| 英文关键词：university regulations on student expulsion judicial review enforceable norms |
| 基金项目：2023年度“上海市教育法学人才培养计划”项目“高校开除学生学籍的校规设定研究”（2020JYFXR043） |
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| 中文摘要： |
| 高校开除学籍校规属于人民法院司法审查的对象，其合法性与否关系着开除学籍行为的合法性。基于司法裁判文书的样本分析，可窥现状：法院对高校开除学籍校规“内容”的审查标准不统一，缺乏对校规“设定”和“适用”的审查，专门的附带审查也较少。上述现状之所以产生，原因主要在于法院在对开除学籍校规进行合法性审查时面临认识、技术和支撑方面的困境。要破解当前困境，法院应当按照以下逻辑进行合法性审查：先认识高校校规的法律属性，明确开除学籍校规属于执行性规范；再按照法律保留原则，依据上位法从实体和程序两个角度进行审查。基于此，法院可通过以下路径完善对高校开除学籍校规的合法性审查：确立开除学籍校规属于执行性规范的统一认识；严格执行有关规范性文件审查的司法解释；按照“内容—设定—适用”的进路审查开除学籍校规；出台有关开除学籍校规的指导性案例或司法解释。 |
| 英文摘要： |
| The regulations governing student expulsion from universities are subject to judicial review by the people's courts, and their legality directly impacts the legality of the expulsion action. Based on a sample analysis of judicial verdict documents, it becomes evident that the current situation involves inconsistent review standards among courts regarding the "content" of university expulsion regulations, along with a lack of scrutiny over the "establishment" and "application" of these regulations, and a scarcity of specialized incidental reviews. The primary cause of this situation stems from the challenges courts face in comprehending, technically executing, and obtaining support when conducting legality reviews of these expulsion regulations. To address this predicament, courts should adhere to the following logic in conducting their legality reviews: initially recognizing the legal attributes of university regulations, explicitly defining student expulsion regulations as enforceable norms, and subsequently reviewing them from both substantive and procedural perspectives, grounded in the principle of legal reservation and in accordance with higher-level laws. Consequently, courts can enhance the legality review of university expulsion regulations through several avenues: establishing a unified understanding that expulsion regulations constitute enforceable norms; rigorously enforcing judicial interpretations pertaining to the review of normative documents; scrutinizing student expulsion regulations in alignment with the "content-establishment-application" sequence; issuing guiding judicial cases or judicial interpretations concerning student expulsion regulations. |
