| 美国高等教育区域布局：变迁规律与现状特征 |
| Regional Layout of Higher Education in the United States:Changing Patterns and Current Characteristics |
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| 中文关键词：高等教育区域布局 高等教育普及化 美国高等教育 |
| 英文关键词：regional layout of higher education popularization of higher education higher education in the United States |
| 基金项目：国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题“‘互联网＋教育’背景下高校教师终身学习体系构建研究”（BIA190184） |
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| 中文摘要： |
| 自迈入普及化阶段以来，美国高等教育总规模经历了从持续扩张到明显收缩的转变，入学率稳定情况下的适龄人口减少是重要原因。规模层面的高等教育区域布局已高度均衡，1990年至今各州高等教育入学人数与人口和GDP的相关系数均保持在0.98以上。研究型大学数量持续增加，呈现分散与集聚并存的状态：每个州都有分布，同时在经济和人口集聚的地方集聚。学科发展与区域产业有着普遍的相关性，技术密集型产业与学科的相关度更高，二者之间的互动关系从学科群和产业链的角度分析可能更加合理。 |
| 英文摘要： |
| Since entering the stage of popularization, the total scale of higher education in the United States has undergone a transformation from continuous expansion to significant contraction, with the decrease in the age-appropriate population under stable enrollment rates being a significant reason. The regional layout of higher education at the scale level has become highly balanced, with the correlation coefficient between the enrollment of higher education in each state and its population and GDP remaining above 0.98 since 1990. The number of research universities continues to increase, presenting a coexistence of dispersion and agglomeration: they are distributed across all states and clustered in areas with economic and population agglomeration. There is a general correlation between discipline development and regional industries, with technology-intensive industries having a higher correlation with disciplines. The interactive relationship between the two may be more reasonable when analyzed from the perspective of discipline groups and industrial chains. |
